Table of Contents

100 THE MADISON EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES ORDINANCE (MEOO)

110 Coverage and Application, Generally

111 Validity of Ordinance

112 Geographical Coverage of the Ordinance

113 Express Exceptions From Coverage

114 Exclusivity of MEOO Remedy

115 Constitutional Questions and Issues

116 Relationship to Other Litigation: Res Judicata, Collateral Estoppel; Judicial Estoppel

116.2 General Principles

116.9 Miscellaneous

200 EMPLOYMENT DISCRIMINATION

210 Coverage

211 Who May File a Complaint

211.1 Covered Individuals

211.2 Covered Employment Relationships; Independent Contractors

211.3 Standing

211.9 Miscellaneous

212 Against Whom a Complaint May Be Filed

212.1 Employers

212.2 Labor Organizations

212.3 Licensing and Employment Agencies

212.4 Other Person/Organization

212.5 Respondent's Responsibility for Acts of Agents

212.9 Miscellaneous

213 Effect of Other Laws on MEOO Rights and Remedies

213.1 Federal Laws

213.2 Wisconsin Fair Employment Act

213.3 Workers Compensation Act

213.9 Miscellaneous

220-240 PROHIBITED BASES OF EMPLOYMENT DISCRIMINATION

220 Age Discrimination

220.1 Coverage, Exceptions

220.11 Lower Age Limit

220.12 Upper Age Limit

220.13 Hazardous Occupations

220.14 Preemption

220.2 Hire

220.3 Compensation, Benefits

220.4 Conditions of Employment

220.5 Termination-Age

220.9 Miscellaneous

221 Arrest or Conviction Record Discrimination

221.1 Coverage, Exceptions

221.11 Definition of Arrest Record and Conviction Record

221.12 Underlying Act or Reason, Rather Than Arrest or Conviction

221.19 Miscellaneous

221.2 The "Substantial Relationship" Standard

221.21 Generally

221.22 Circumstances Not Substantially Related

221.23 Circumstances Substantially Related

221.3 Other Affirmative Defenses

221.9 Miscellaneous

222 Disability Discrimination

222.1 Coverage

222.11 Definition of Disability, Generally

222.12 Perceived Disability

222.13 Permanent Versus Temporary Conditions

222.14 Conditions Found to Be Disabilities

222.15 Conditions Found Not to Be Disabilities

222.16 Preemption by Worker's Compensation Act

222.19 Miscellaneous

222.2 Particular Disabilities

222.21 Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

222.22 Alcoholism, Drug Addition

222.23 Back Problems, Lifting Restrictions

222.24 Epilepsy, Seizure Disorders

222.25 Visual, Hearing Impairments

222.3 Complainant's Burden of Proof

222.31 Generally

222.32 Employer's Knowledge of Disability

222.4 Employer's Burden of Proof; Affirmative Defenses

222.41 Generally

222.42 Inability to Perform Job-Related Responsibilities

222.43 Requirements of Case-By-Case Evaluation

222.5 Employer's Duty to Accommodate

222.6 Proof of Medical Facts

222.9 Miscellaneous

223 Marital Status Discrimination

223.1 Definition; Spousal Identity

223.2 Exceptions; Insurance Coverage

223.9 Miscellaneous

224 National Origin and Ancestry Discrimination

224.1 Coverage; Discrimination Between National Origin and Ancestry

224.2 Harassment Because of National Origin

224.3 Cases

224.9 Miscellaneous

225 Physical Appearance Discrimination

225.1 Coverage, Generally

225.2 Hire

225.3 Termination-Physical Appearance

225.4 Terms and Conditions

225.9 Miscellaneous

226 Race Discrimination

226.1 Coverage; Generally

226.2 Hire

226.3 Conditions of Employment, Harassment Because of Race

226.4 Promotion, Compensation, Terms of Employment

226.5 Termination-Race

226.9 Miscellaneous

227 Religion Discrimination

227.1 Coverage; Generally

227.2 Exception Allowing Religious Associations to Give Preference to Adherents to Their Creed

227.3 Constitutional Issues

227.4 Employer's Duty to Accommodate

227.5 Harassment Because of Creed

227.6 Cases

227.9 Miscellaneous

228 Sex Discrimination

228.1 Coverage, Exceptions

228.11 Sex as a Bona Fide Occupational Qualifications (BFOQ)

228.12 Pregnancy, Childbirth, Maternity Leave or Related Medical Condition

228.13 "Sex Plus"

228.2 Hire

228.3 Sexual Harassment

228.4 Compensation, Benefits, Equal Pay

228.5 Promotion, Job Assignments

228.6 Termination-Sex

228.61 Termination Because of Sex, Generally

228.62 Termination Because of Pregnancy, Childbirth, Maternity Leave or Related Medical Condition

229 Sexual Orientation Discrimination

230 Other Protected Classes

230.1 Color

230.2 Source of Income

230.3 Less Than Honorable Discharge

230.4 Political Beliefs

230.5 Student Status

240 Retaliation

240.1 Coverage

240.2 Standard of Proof

240.21 Prima Facie Case

240.22 Employer Knowledge of Oppositional Activity

240.23 Establishing a Causal Connection Between the Oppositional Activity and the Adverse Employment Action

240.3 Cases

240.9 Miscellaneous

250 Affirmative Action

260 Particular Employment Actions

260.1 Constructive Discharge

260.9 Miscellaneous

300 HOUSING DISCRIMINATION

310 Coverage, Exceptions

311 Who May File a Complaint

311.1 Covered Individuals Generally

311.2 Testers

311.9 Miscellaneous

312 Against Whom a Complaint May Be Filed

312.1 Generally

312.5 Respondent's Responsibility for Acts of Agents

312.9 Miscellaneous

320 Cases

320.1 Disability Discrimination

320.2 Race Discrimination

320.3 Sex Discrimination; Marital Status Discrimination

320.4 Sexual Orientation Discrimination

320.9 Other Discrimination

330 Testing

340 Advertising

390 Miscellaneous

400 PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS

410 Coverage

420 Cases

490 Miscellaneous

500 OTHER COVERED ACTIVITIES

510 Discrimination in the Provision of Credit

520 Discrimination in Access to City Facilities

600 PROOF - STANDARDS AND BURDENS

610 Proof of Discrimination

611 Direct Evidence of Discrimination

612 Proof of Intent Utilizing the McDonnell-Douglas v. Green Framework

612.1 General Considerations

612.2 Complainant's Prima Facie Case

612.3 Respondent's Burden to Articulate Legitimate, Non-Discriminatory Reason

612.4 Complainant's Proof of Pretext

612.5 Complainant's Ultimate Burden of Proof

613 Burden of Proof in Mixed Motive Cases

614 Complainant's Burden of Proof on Damages

620 Proof of Disparate Impact

620.1 General Considerations

620.2 Complainant's Burden to Show Adverse Impact

620.21 Complainant's Prima Facie Case

620.22 Extent of Disparity

620.23 Adequacy of Sample Size

620.3 Respondent's Burden to Show Job-Relatedness

620.4 Complainant's Burden to Demonstrate Availability of Alternatives with Less Adverse Impact

620.5 Cases

620.9 Miscellaneous

630 Probable Cause

630.1 Definition of Probable Cause

630.2 Complainant's Burden of Proof

630.3 Credibility Considerations

630.4 Cases

630.9 Miscellaneous

640 Specific Issues

640.1 Proof of Medical Facts

640.2 Miscellaneous

700 PROCEDURE

710 Complaint

710.1 Timeliness

710.11 Measurement of Timeliness

710.12 Continuing Violations

710.13 Tolling of Time to File Complaint; Equitable Estoppel

710.14 Determinations of Timeliness, Appealability

710.2 Parties, Naming in Complaint

710.3 Identification of Issues, Notice

710.4 Amendment of Complainant, Relation Back to Original Complaint

710.5 Adequacy of Complaint

710.6 Appeal of Preliminary Determination Dismissing Complaint

710.7 Effect of Pre-Filing Release of Claims

710.9 Miscellaneous

720 Investigation

720.1 Generally

720.2 Appeal of No Probable Cause Determinations

720.3 Administrative Dismissals

730 Conciliation

740 Procedures Prior to Hearing

740.1 Notice of Hearing

740.11 Generally

740.12 Identification of Issues

740.2 Answer

740.3 Postponements

740.4 Pre-Hearing Conferences and Orders

740.5 Discovery

740.6 Failure to Respond or Appear

740.7 Pre-Hearing Disclosure of Witnesses and Exhibits

740.8 Withdrawals and Settlements

740.9 Motions for Summary Judgment or Dismissal

750 Role of the Examiner

750.1 Generally

750.2 Disqualification of the Examiner

760 Procedures at Hearing

760.1 Parties' Right to Representation

760.2 Evidence

760.21 Generally

760.22 Admissibility

760.23 Matters Found Probative or Relevant

760.24 Official Notice

760.25 Rebuttal Evidence

760.3 Dismissal of Complaint at Close of Complainant's Case

760.4 Failure to Appear at Hearing

760.9 Miscellaneous

770 Record of Hearing, Decisions and Orders

770.1 Hearing Record; Transcripts

770.2 Proposed Findings of Fact, Conclusions of Law and Orders

770.3 Delay in Issuance of Decision

770.4 Miscellaneous

780 Reconsideration, Rehearing

790 Appeal and Review

790.1 Decisions Appealable to the Commission

790.2 Procedures for Review by the Commission

790.3 Requirement that the Commission Consult with the Examiner Regarding Credibility Impressions

790.4 Judicial Review

790.9 Miscellaneous

800 REMEDIES FOR DISCRIMINATION

801 Burden of Proof

805 Right to Liability Finding When No Remediable Harm

810 Remedies Which May be Provided

810.1 Back Pay

810.11 Entitlement to Back Pay, Generally

810.12 Computation of Amount, Generally

810.13 Offsets from Back Pay

810.14 Events Limiting Back Pay Liability

810.141 Unconditional Offer of Reinstatement

810.142 Accepting Comparable Job at Same or Higher Pay

810.143 Quitting or Being Fired From Comparable Job

810.144 Unavailability for Work

810.145 Showing that Job Would Have Ended Anyway

810.146 After-Acquired Evidence

810.15 Limitation to Two Years Prior to Filing of Complaint

810.16 Respondent's Obligation to Pay, Exceptions and Limitations

810.19 Miscellaneous

810.2 Front Pay

810.3 Reinstatement; Hire

810.4 Other Remedial Orders

810.41 Remedies for Insurance Benefit Denial

810.42 Remedies for Loss of Seniority

810.43 Remedies for Loss of Fringe Benefits

810.44 Remedies for Emotional Harm

810.45 Miscellaneous Remedial Orders

810.451 Clearing File, Neutral References

810.452 Posting Order, Notices

810.453 Counseling or Training

810.459 Miscellaneous

810.5 Interest on Award

810.6 Attorney's Fees, Costs

810.61 Generally

810.62 Procedures Used in Determining Fees

810.63 Who May Be Awarded Fees

810.64 Amount of Fees

810.641 Generally

810.642 Amount of Time Expended

810.643 Hourly Rate

810.644 Multipliers, "Lodestar" Enhancement

810.645 Partial Success

810.646 Interest on Fee Award

810.7 Punitive Damages

820 Remedies in Particular Types of Cases

820.1 Housing and Public Accommodations

820.2 Particular Employment Actions

820.21 Refusal to Hire

820.22 Termination of Employment

820.23 Pregnancy Discrimination

820.24 Suspension

820.9 Miscellaneous

830 Duty to Mitigate Damages

840 Enforcement of Orders and Settlement Agreements

890 Miscellaneous