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Lucia Nuñez,
Director

City of Madison
Department of Civil Rights

210 ML King, Jr. Blvd.
Room 523
Madison, WI 53703

Email:
dcr@cityofmadison.com
Voice:
(608) 266-4910
Fax:
(608) 266-6514
WI Relay Service

DECISION DIGEST: Table of Contents

100 THE MADISON EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES ORDINANCE (MEOO)

• 110 Coverage and Application, Generally
• 111 Validity of Ordinance
• 112 Geographical Coverage of the Ordinance
• 113 Express Exceptions From Coverage
• 114 Exclusivity of MEOO Remedy
• 115 Constitutional Questions and Issues
• 116 Relationship to Other Litigation: Res Judicata, Collateral Estoppel; Judicial Estoppel
  • 116.2 General Principles
  • 116.9 Miscellaneous

200 EMPLOYMENT DISCRIMINATION

• 210 Coverage
• 211 Who May File a Complaint
  • 211.1 Covered Individuals
  • 211.2 Covered Employment Relationships; Independent Contractors
  • 211.3 Standing
  • 211.9 Miscellaneous
• 212 Against Whom a Complaint May Be Filed
  • 212.1 Employers
  • 212.2 Labor Organizations
  • 212.3 Licensing and Employment Agencies
  • 212.4 Other Person/Organization
  • 212.5 Respondent's Responsibility for Acts of Agents
  • 212.9 Miscellaneous
• 213 Effect of Other Laws on MEOO Rights and Remedies
  • 213.1 Federal Laws 213.2 Wisconsin Fair Employment Act
  • 213.3 Workers Compensation Act
  • 213.9 Miscellaneous

220-240 PROHIBITED BASES OF EMPLOYMENT DISCRIMINATION

• 220 Age Discrimination
  • 220.1 Coverage, Exceptions
    • 220.11 Lower Age Limit
    • 220.12 Upper Age Limit
    • 220.13 Hazardous Occupations
    • 220.14 Preemption
  • 220.2 Hire
  • 220.3 Compensation, Benefits
  • 220.4 Conditions of Employment
  • 220.5 Termination-Age
  • 220.9 Miscellaneous
• 221 Arrest or Conviction Record Discrimination
  • 221.1 Coverage, Exceptions
    • 221.11 Definition of Arrest Record and Conviction Record
    • 221.12 Underlying Act or Reason, Rather Than Arrest or Conviction
    • 221.19 Miscellaneous
  • 221.2 The "Substantial Relationship" Standard
    • 221.21 Generally
    • 221.22 Circumstances Not Substantially Related
    • 221.23 Circumstances Substantially Related
  • 221.3 Other Affirmative Defenses
  • 221.9 Miscellaneous
• 222 Disability Discrimination
  • 222.1 Coverage
    • 222.11 Definition of Disability, Generally
    • 222.12 Perceived Disability
    • 222.13 Permanent Versus Temporary Conditions
    • 222.14 Conditions Found to Be Disabilities
    • 222.15 Conditions Found Not to Be Disabilities
    • 222.16 Preemption by Worker's Compensation Act
    • 222.19 Miscellaneous 222.2 Particular Disabilities
    • 222.21 Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
    • 222.22 Alcoholism, Drug Addition
    • 222.23 Back Problems, Lifting Restrictions
    • 222.24 Epilepsy, Seizure Disorders
    • 222.25 Visual, Hearing Impairments
  • 222.3 Complainant's Burden of Proof
    • 222.31 Generally
    • 222.32 Employer's Knowledge of Disability
  • 222.4 Employer's Burden of Proof; Affirmative Defenses
    • 222.41 Generally
    • 222.42 Inability to Perform Job-Related Responsibilities
    • 222.43 Requirements of Case-By-Case Evaluation
  • 222.5 Employer's Duty to Accommodate
  • 222.6 Proof of Medical Facts
  • 222.9 Miscellaneous
• 223 Marital Status Discrimination
  • 223.1 Definition; Spousal Identity
  • 223.2 Exceptions; Insurance Coverage
  • 223.9 Miscellaneous
• 224 National Origin and Ancestry Discrimination
  • 224.1 Coverage; Discrimination Between National Origin and Ancestry
  • 224.2 Harassment Because of National Origin
  • 224.3 Cases
  • 224.9 Miscellaneous
• 225 Physical Appearance Discrimination
  • 225.1 Coverage, Generally
  • 225.2 Hire
  • 225.3 Termination-Physical Appearance
  • 225.4 Terms and Conditions
  • 225.9 Miscellaneous
• 226 Race Discrimination
  • 226.1 Coverage; Generally
  • 226.2 Hire
  • 226.3 Conditions of Employment, Harassment Because of Race
  • 226.4 Promotion, Compensation, Terms of Employment
  • 226.5 Termination-Race
  • 226.9 Miscellaneous
• 227 Religion Discrimination
  • 227.1 Coverage; Generally
  • 227.2 Exception Allowing Religious Associations to Give Preference to Adherents to Their Creed
  • 227.3 Constitutional Issues
  • 227.4 Employer's Duty to Accommodate
  • 227.5 Harassment Because of Creed
  • 227.6 Cases
  • 227.9 Miscellaneous
• 228 Sex Discrimination
  • 228.1 Coverage, Exceptions
    • 228.11 Sex as a Bona Fide Occupational Qualifications (BFOQ)
    • 228.12 Pregnancy, Childbirth, Maternity Leave or Related Medical Condition
    • 228.13 "Sex Plus"
  • 228.2 Hire
  • 228.3 Sexual Harassment
  • 228.4 Compensation, Benefits, Equal Pay
  • 228.5 Promotion, Job Assignments
  • 228.6 Termination-Sex
    • 228.61 Termination Because of Sex, Generally
    • 228.62 Termination Because of Pregnancy, Childbirth, Maternity Leave or Related Medical Condition
• 229 Sexual Orientation Discrimination
• 230 Other Protected Classes
  • 230.1 Color 230.2 Source of Income
  • 230.3 Less Than Honorable Discharge
  • 230.4 Political Beliefs
  • 230.5 Student Status
• 240 Retaliation
  • 240.1 Coverage
  • 240.2 Standard of Proof
    • 240.21 Prima Facie Case
    • 240.22 Employer Knowledge of Oppositional Activity
    • 240.23 Establishing a Causal Connection Between the Oppositional Activity and the Adverse Employment Action
• 240.3 Cases
• 240.9 Miscellaneous
• 250 Affirmative Action
• 260 Particular Employment Actions
  • 260.1 Constructive Discharge
  • 260.9 Miscellaneous

300 HOUSING DISCRIMINATION

• 310 Coverage, Exceptions
• 311 Who May File a Complaint
  • 311.1 Covered Individuals Generally
  • 311.2 Testers
  • 311.9 Miscellaneous
• 312 Against Whom a Complaint May Be Filed
  • 312.1 Generally
  • 312.5 Respondent's Responsibility for Acts of Agents
  • 312.9 Miscellaneous
• 320 Cases
  • 320.1 Disability Discrimination
  • 320.2 Race Discrimination
  • 320.3 Sex Discrimination; Marital Status Discrimination
  • 320.4 Sexual Orientation Discrimination
  • 320.9 Other Discrimination
• 330 Testing
• 340 Advertising
• 390 Miscellaneous

400 PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS

• 410 Coverage
• 420 Cases
• 490 Miscellaneous

500 OTHER COVERED ACTIVITIES

• 510 Discrimination in the Provision of Credit
• 520 Discrimination in Access to City Facilities

600 PROOF - STANDARDS AND BURDENS

• 610 Proof of Discrimination
• 611 Direct Evidence of Discrimination
• 612 Proof of Intent Utilizing the McDonnell-Douglas v. Green Framework
  • 612.1 General Considerations
  • 612.2 Complainant's Prima Facie Case
  • 612.3 Respondent's Burden to Articulate Legitimate, Non-Discriminatory Reason
  • 612.4 Complainant's Proof of Pretext
  • 612.5 Complainant's Ultimate Burden of Proof
• 613 Burden of Proof in Mixed Motive Cases
• 614 Complainant's Burden of Proof on Damages
• 620 Proof of Disparate Impact
  • 620.1 General Considerations
  • 620.2 Complainant's Burden to Show Adverse Impact
    • 620.21 Complainant's Prima Facie Case
    • 620.22 Extent of Disparity
    • 620.23 Adequacy of Sample Size
  • 620.3 Respondent's Burden to Show Job-Relatedness
  • 620.4 Complainant's Burden to Demonstrate Availability of Alternatives with Less Adverse Impact
  • 620.5 Cases
  • 620.9 Miscellaneous
• 630 Probable Cause
  • 630.1 Definition of Probable Cause
  • 630.2 Complainant's Burden of Proof
  • 630.3 Credibility Considerations
  • 630.4 Cases
  • 630.9 Miscellaneous
• 640 Specific Issues
  • 640.1 Proof of Medical Facts
  • 640.2 Miscellaneous

700 PROCEDURE

• 710 Complaint
  • 710.1 Timeliness
    • 710.11 Measurement of Timeliness
    • 710.12 Continuing Violations
    • 710.13 Tolling of Time to File Complaint; Equitable Estoppel
    • 710.14 Determinations of Timeliness, Appealability
  • 710.2 Parties, Naming in Complaint
  • 710.3 Identification of Issues, Notice
  • 710.4 Amendment of Complainant, Relation Back to Original Complaint
  • 710.5 Adequacy of Complaint
  • 710.6 Appeal of Preliminary Determination Dismissing Complaint
  • 710.7 Effect of Pre-Filing Release of Claims
  • 710.9 Miscellaneous
• 720 Investigation
  • 720.1 Generally
  • 720.2 Appeal of No Probable Cause Determinations
  • 720.3 Administrative Dismissals
• 730 Conciliation
• 740 Procedures Prior to Hearing
  • 740.1 Notice of Hearing
    • 740.11 Generally
    • 740.12 Identification of Issues
  • 740.2 Answer
  • 740.3 Postponements
  • 740.4 Pre-Hearing Conferences and Orders
  • 740.5 Discovery
  • 740.6 Failure to Respond or Appear
  • 740.7 Pre-Hearing Disclosure of Witnesses and Exhibits
  • 740.8 Withdrawals and Settlements
  • 740.9 Motions for Summary Judgment or Dismissal
• 750 Role of the Examiner
  • 750.1 Generally
  • 750.2 Disqualification of the Examiner
• 760 Procedures at Hearing
  • 760.1 Parties' Right to Representation
  • 760.2 Evidence
    • 760.21 Generally
    • 760.22 Admissibility
    • 760.23 Matters Found Probative or Relevant
    • 760.24 Official Notice
    • 760.25 Rebuttal Evidence
  • 760.3 Dismissal of Complaint at Close of Complainant's Case
  • 760.4 Failure to Appear at Hearing
  • 760.9 Miscellaneous
• 770 Record of Hearing, Decisions and Orders
  • 770.1 Hearing Record; Transcripts
  • 770.2 Proposed Findings of Fact, Conclusions of Law and Orders
  • 770.3 Delay in Issuance of Decision
  • 770.4 Miscellaneous
• 780 Reconsideration, Rehearing
• 790 Appeal and Review
  • 790.1 Decisions Appealable to the Commission
  • 790.2 Procedures for Review by the Commission
  • 790.3 Requirement that the Commission Consult with the Examiner Regarding Credibility Impressions
  • 790.4 Judicial Review
  • 790.9 Miscellaneous

800 REMEDIES FOR DISCRIMINATION

• 801 Burden of Proof
• 805 Right to Liability Finding When No Remediable Harm
• 810 Remedies Which May be Provided
  • 810.1 Back Pay
    • 810.11 Entitlement to Back Pay, Generally
    • 810.12 Computation of Amount, Generally
    • 810.13 Offsets from Back Pay
    • 810.14 Events Limiting Back Pay Liability
      • 810.141 Unconditional Offer of Reinstatement
      • 810.142 Accepting Comparable Job at Same or Higher Pay
      • 810.143 Quitting or Being Fired From Comparable Job
      • 810.144 Unavailability for Work
      • 810.145 Showing that Job Would Have Ended Anyway
      • 810.146 After-Acquired Evidence
    • 810.15 Limitation to Two Years Prior to Filing of Complaint
    • 810.16 Respondent's Obligation to Pay, Exceptions and Limitations
    • 810.19 Miscellaneous
  • 810.2 Front Pay
  • 810.3 Reinstatement; Hire
  • 810.4 Other Remedial Orders
    • 810.41 Remedies for Insurance Benefit Denial
    • 810.42 Remedies for Loss of Seniority
    • 810.43 Remedies for Loss of Fringe Benefits
    • 810.44 Remedies for Emotional Harm
    • 810.45 Miscellaneous Remedial Orders
      • 810.451 Clearing File, Neutral References
      • 810.452 Posting Order, Notices
      • 810.453 Counseling or Training
      • 810.459 Miscellaneous
  • 810.5 Interest on Award
  • 810.6 Attorney's Fees, Costs
    • 810.61 Generally
    • 810.62 Procedures Used in Determining Fees
    • 810.63 Who May Be Awarded Fees
    • 810.64 Amount of Fees
      • 810.641 Generally
      • 810.642 Amount of Time Expended
      • 810.643 Hourly Rate
      • 810.644 Multipliers, "Lodestar" Enhancement
      • 810.645 Partial Success
      • 810.646 Interest on Fee Award
  • 810.7 Punitive Damages
• 820 Remedies in Particular Types of Cases
  • 820.1 Housing and Public Accommodations
  • 820.2 Particular Employment Actions
    • 820.21 Refusal to Hire
    • 820.22 Termination of Employment
    • 820.23 Pregnancy Discrimination
    • 820.24 Suspension
  • 820.9 Miscellaneous
• 830 Duty to Mitigate Damages
• 840 Enforcement of Orders and Settlement Agreements
• 890 Miscellaneous